拍卖信息

藏品描述

这件署 “大明宣德年制” 款的青花花鸟纹四方桌摆件，是明代宣德时期（1426-1435 年）景德镇官窑的代表性器物，堪称明代早期宫廷瓷艺与实用陈设融合的典范。此器的年代可锚定明宣德朝 —— 宣德是明代青花瓷器的 “黄金时代”，而这件器物的款识、工艺、纹饰均符合宣德官窑的核心特征。其窑口为江西景德镇御窑厂（宣德时期官窑核心烧造地），御窑厂在宣德年间集全国制瓷工匠之力，烧造的青花器以 “料色浓艳、工艺精湛” 著称，存世完整器多藏于两岸故宫、大英博物馆等顶级机构，此件的存世具备 “官窑标准器” 的学术价值。青花料与发色：采用进口 “苏泥勃青” 料（波斯钴料），发色浓艳幽蓝，釉面可见 “铁锈斑”（钴料中高铁成分在窑火中形成的自然晕散），这是宣德青花的标志性特征；料色晕散自然而不浑浊，纹饰层次清晰，体现了工匠对料性与施釉厚度的精准把控。胎釉与成型：胎体为 “糯米胎”，细腻洁白，叩之音清脆；釉面为 “亮青釉”，肥润莹澈，与青花料形成 “蓝白相映” 的视觉张力。四方桌造型需分件成型（桌面、桌腿）后拼接，各部件接缝处平整无隙，体现了宣德官窑 “分段拉坯 + 精工粘接” 的成型技术。装烧与控温：采用 “垫饼装烧”，底足露胎处可见 “米糊底”（胎土中含铁成分在还原气氛中形成的浅褐色），是宣德官窑的典型装烧特征；窑温控制在 1280℃左右，保证了胎釉的烧结度与青花发色的稳定性。此器为 “四方桌面、四足方台” 的微缩桌形摆件，尺寸精巧（推测边长约 10 厘米），是宣德宫廷文房或案头陈设的 “仿生器”：复刻了明代家具的四方桌形制，桌面为方形，桌腿带简化牙板装饰，既还原了家具的实用结构，又通过瓷质材料赋予其艺术属性，是明代 “以瓷仿物” 陈设器的早期范例。底足署 “大明宣德年制” 六字双圈楷书款，字体方正刚劲，笔划清晰有力，是宣德官窑款的典型书体（“德” 字无 “心” 上一横），款识位置居中，圈线规整，体现了官窑款识的标准化要求。桌面中心绘花鸟纹，主体为枝上禽鸟（或为绶带鸟），辅以缠枝花卉，边缘饰卷草纹边饰 —— 纹饰布局疏朗，线条流畅，禽鸟姿态生动，符合宣德青花 “纹饰写实、笔法工细” 的风格，缠枝纹与边饰的组合则是明代早期官窑的经典纹饰范式。 This blue and white flower and bird patterned square table ornament with the "Ming Dynasty Xuande Year System" is a representative artifact of the Jingdezhen official kiln during the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty (1426-1435), and can be regarded as a model of the integration of palace porcelain art and practical display in the early Ming Dynasty. The age of this artifact can be anchored to the Ming Dynasty's Xuande period - Xuande was the "golden age" of Ming Dynasty blue and white porcelain, and the inscription, craftsmanship, and decoration of this artifact all conform to the core characteristics of the Xuande official kiln. The kiln mouth is the Jingdezhen Imperial Kiln Factory in Jiangxi Province (the core firing site of official kilns during the Xuande period). During the Xuande period, the Imperial Kiln Factory gathered the strength of porcelain craftsmen from all over the country, and the blue and white ware fired was known for its "rich color and exquisite craftsmanship". The surviving complete ware is mostly stored in top-level institutions such as the Palace Museum and the British Museum on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. The existence of this piece has academic value as a "standard ware of official kilns". Blue and white material and hair color: Imported "Su Ni Bo Qing" material (Persian cobalt material) is used, with a strong and bright blue hair color, and visible "rust spots" on the glaze surface (the natural halo formed by the high-speed iron component in the cobalt material in the kiln fire), which is the iconic feature of Xuande blue and white; The material color is naturally dispersed without turbidity, and the decorative layers are clear, reflecting the craftsman's precise control over the material properties and glaze thickness. Glazing and Forming: The body is made of "glutinous rice", delicate and white, with a crisp knocking sound; The glaze is a "bright blue glaze", rich and translucent, forming a visual tension of "blue and white contrast" with the blue and white materials. The shape of the square table needs to be formed into pieces (tabletop, table legs) and then assembled. The seams of each component should be smooth and seamless, reflecting the forming technology of "segmented casting+precision bonding" of Xuande Guan Kiln. Burning and temperature control: The "cushion cake burning" method is used, and the "rice paste bottom" (a light brown color formed by the iron containing components in the tire soil in a reducing atmosphere) can be seen at the exposed bottom of the mold, which is a typical burning feature of the Xuande official kiln; The kiln temperature is controlled at around 1280 ℃, ensuring the sintering degree of the base glaze and the stability of the blue and white hair color. This utensil is a miniature table shaped ornament with a square tabletop and four legged square table, with exquisite dimensions (estimated to have a side length of about 10 centimeters). It is a "bionic utensil" for the decoration of the Xuande Palace's study rooms or desks: it replicates the square table shape of Ming Dynasty furniture, with a square tabletop and simplified tooth plate decorations on the table legs. It not only restores the practical structure of the furniture, but also endows it with artistic attributes through porcelain materials. It is an early example of the Ming Dynasty's "porcelain imitation" display utensil. The six character double circle regular script style of the "Da Ming Xuan De Nian Zhi" at the bottom of the foot office is characterized by a square and strong font, clear and powerful strokes, and is a typical style of Xuan De official kiln style calligraphy (the "De" character does not have a horizontal line above the "heart"). The inscription position is centered, and the circle lines are neat, reflecting the standardized requirements of official kiln inscription. The center of the desktop is painted with flower and bird patterns, with the main body being birds on branches (or ribbon birds), supplemented by entwined flowers, and the edges decorated with curled grass patterns - the layout of the patterns is sparse, the lines are smooth, and the posture of the birds is vivid, which conforms to the style of "realistic patterns and meticulous brushwork" of Xuande blue and white porcelain. The combination of entwined branches and edges is a classic pattern of patterns in early Ming Dynasty official kilns.