拍卖信息

藏品描述

这件宋代龙泉青瓷水盂，是南宋时期（约 12 世纪末 - 13 世纪）龙泉窑的代表性文房用器，堪称宋代南方青瓷 “釉色美学” 与实用功能融合的经典遗存。此器年代可锚定南宋中晚期 —— 龙泉窑是宋代南方青瓷的核心窑口，南宋时期进入 “巅峰阶段”，形成 “粉青”“梅子青” 等标志性釉色。这件水盂的釉色、器型均符合南宋龙泉窑 “官窑化” 阶段的特征（龙泉窑南宋后期受宫廷用瓷影响，工艺精度显著提升），窑口为浙江龙泉大窑、溪口等核心窑场，是南宋文房用瓷的典型品类之一。釉料与发色：采用 “石灰碱釉” 配方（降低氧化钙含量，增加钾、钠比例），经多次施釉（釉层厚度达 1.5-2 毫米），在还原气氛中烧制出 “粉青釉”—— 釉色温润淡雅，如青玉般莹澈，是南宋龙泉窑 “类玉” 审美追求的体现；釉面无明显开片，光泽柔和内敛，符合 “素釉胜彩” 的宋代美学。胎土与装烧：胎体为龙泉窑标志性的 “白胎”（部分为灰白胎），质地细腻坚密；装烧采用 “垫饼支烧”，底足露胎处可见 “朱砂底”（胎土中含铁成分在烧制中形成的红褐色），这是南宋龙泉窑的典型装烧特征；窑温控制在 1250℃左右，还原气氛的稳定度直接决定釉色的纯净度，此器釉色均匀无杂色，体现了工匠对窑火的精准把控。成型工艺：水盂为拉坯成型，器身线条流畅圆润，口沿、腹部、圈足的过渡自然，无手工修坯的生硬痕迹，体现了南宋龙泉窑拉坯工艺的成熟度。此器为 “撇口、束颈、鼓腹、圈足” 的水盂形制，口径约 8 厘米、高约 10 厘米，是南宋文房的核心用器（用于研磨时盛水）：此器通体无文字、无纹饰，以 “纯釉色” 为唯一装饰 —— 这正是南宋龙泉窑的典型风格：南宋文人推崇 “自然天成” 的审美，龙泉青瓷以釉色的温润、器型的典雅传递 “无饰而韵” 的意境，此类素面水盂虽无文字纹饰，却以 “类玉之质” 承载了宋代文人的精神追求，是 “以器载道” 的文房代表。整体而言，这件南宋龙泉青瓷水盂是 “工艺、审美、功能” 三者融合的佳作，其粉青釉的纯净、器型的雅致、工艺的精湛，既代表了南宋龙泉窑的制瓷巅峰，也为研究宋代文房用具的审美与使用提供了实物依据。This Song Dynasty Longquan celadon water basin is a representative stationery utensil of the Longquan kiln during the Southern Song Dynasty (around the late 12th to 13th centuries), and can be regarded as a classic relic of the fusion of "glaze aesthetics" and practical functions of southern Song Dynasty celadon. This vessel dates back to the mid to late Southern Song Dynasty - Longquan Kiln was the core kiln for celadon in southern Song Dynasty. During the Southern Song Dynasty, it entered the "peak stage" and formed iconic glaze colors such as "pink green" and "plum green". The glaze color and shape of this water basin are in line with the characteristics of the "official kiln" stage of the Longquan kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty (the precision of the craftsmanship of Longquan kiln was significantly improved in the later period of the Southern Song Dynasty due to the influence of palace porcelain). The kiln mouth is located in core kilns such as Longquan Dayao and Xikou in Zhejiang, and is one of the typical categories of porcelain used in the Southern Song Dynasty's literary houses. Glaze and hair color: Using the formula of "lime alkali glaze" (reducing the content of calcium oxide and increasing the ratio of potassium and sodium), after multiple glaze applications (with a glaze layer thickness of 1.5-2 millimeters), the "pink blue glaze" is fired in a reducing atmosphere - the glaze color is warm and elegant, as clear as green jade, reflecting the aesthetic pursuit of "jade like" in the Longquan kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty; The glaze surface has no obvious cracks, and the luster is soft and restrained, which conforms to the Song Dynasty aesthetic of "plain glaze wins over color". Tire soil and firing: The tire body is the iconic "white tire" (partially gray white tire) of Longquan kiln, with a fine and dense texture; The firing process adopts a "cushion cake branch firing" method, with a visible "cinnabar base" (the reddish brown color formed by the iron content in the clay during firing) at the exposed base, which is a typical firing feature of the Longquan kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty; The kiln temperature is controlled at around 1250 ℃, and the stability of the reducing atmosphere directly determines the purity of the glaze color. The glaze color of this vessel is uniform and free of impurities, reflecting the craftsman's precise control of the kiln fire. Molding process: The water bowl is formed by pulling the blank, with smooth and rounded lines on the body, natural transitions between the mouth, abdomen, and legs, and no hard marks of manual trimming, reflecting the maturity of the Longquan kiln pulling process in the Southern Song Dynasty. This vessel is designed in the shape of a water bowl with a "curved mouth, neck tied, bulging belly, and round feet", with a diameter of about 8 centimeters and a height of about 10 centimeters. It was the core tool used in the Southern Song Dynasty's literary houses (used to hold water during grinding): this vessel has no text or decoration throughout, and is decorated only with "pure glaze color" - this is the typical style of the Longquan kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty. Southern Song literati advocated the aesthetic of "natural beauty", and Longquan celadon conveyed the artistic conception of "unadorned charm" through the warm glaze color and elegant shape of the vessel. Although this type of plain faced water bowl has no text decoration, it carries the spiritual pursuit of Song Dynasty literati with "jade like quality", and is a literary house that "carries the message with vessels". Representative. Overall, this Southern Song Longquan celadon water basin is a masterpiece that combines craftsmanship, aesthetics, and functionality. Its pure powder blue glaze, elegant shape, and exquisite craftsmanship not only represent the pinnacle of porcelain making in the Southern Song Longquan kiln, but also provide a physical basis for studying the aesthetics and use of Song Dynasty stationery.